Anatomy and physiology of the breast amazon web services. Pdf breast anatomy the breast is an endocrine gland placed on the front of the chest, consisting of glandular acini, also called alveoli, coated by. The breast is an organ whose structure reflects its special function. The female breasts include the mammary glands and nipples. Describe the lymphatic drainage of the female breast. Each breast also contains blood vessels and vessels that carry lymph. Overview of the breast breast pathology johns hopkins. Objectives by the end of the lecture, the student should be able to. A healthy female breast is made up of 1220 sections called lobes.
The physiology of the nonlactating human breast likely plays a key role in factors that contribute to the etiology of breast cancer and other breast conditions. Overview of the breast breast pathology johns hopkins pathology. Anatomy and physiology of the breast plastic and reconstructive. Summary the mammary gland is an organ of ectodermal origin whose structure reflects its function. The mammary gland is classified as a branched tubuloalveolar structure with hormoneresponsive lobules surrounded by a loose connective tissue stroma. Each of these lobes is made up of many smaller lobules, the gland that produces milk in nursing women. A mammary gland is an exocrine gland in humans and other mammals that produces milk to. Valdoni, policlinico umberto i, university of rome sapienza, rome, italy. Breast anatomy and lactation reproductive system physiology nclexrn. Normal breast 6 histology of normal breast some but not all luminal cells express er. Both the lobes and lobules are connected by milk ducts, which act as stems or tubes to carry the milk to the nipple. Breast anatomy and physiology gross anatomy of the normal breast definition external anatomy internal anatomy histology. Those techniques permit the conservation of skin, inframammary fold and specially the nipple areola complex nac to achieve better outcomes. Anatomy of the breast in this section, you will view this lesson from the khan academy about breast anatomy and breastfeeding physiology how milk is made.
Physiology of the breast prior to puberty there are no discernible differences, functional or structural, between the male and female breast. The lymph vessels lead to small beanshaped organs called lymph nodes. The epithelial component of the tissue consists of lobules, where milk is made, which connect to ducts that lead out to the nipple. Breast mammary gland modified sweat gland accessory organ of reproductive system well developed after puberty in female provides milk to the newborn situation superficial auxiliary tail of spence in axilla. Their primary function is lactation producing breast milk to nourish a baby after. It mostly occurs at the base on the large breast muscle m. Anatomy and physiology of the breast breast cancer. Describe the shape and position of the female breast. Breast ducts are lined by a layer of cuboidal cells surrounded by a. Request pdf anatomy and physiology of the breast the mammary gland is classified as a branched tubuloalveolar structure with hormoneresponsive lobules surrounded by a loose connective tissue. Chapter 1 anatomy of the breast mammary gland glandula mammaria s. At the histological level, the prepubertal breast both in males and in females, consists of multiple rudimentary ducts arranged circumferentially, and converging towards the nipple.
Lactation is the process by which milk is synthesized and secreted from the mammary glands of the postpartum female breast in response to an infant sucking at. There are no muscles in the breast, but muscles lie under each breast and cover the ribs. It is meant to serve as a backdrop and reference for the chapters that follow on pathologies and treatment. Anatomy, physiology, symptom assessment, and epidemiology. The anatomy of the lactating breast infant journal. Anatomy of the thoracic wall, axilla and breast pdf.